Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the lungs. It’s one of the most common cancers worldwide and is often associated with smoking, although non-smokers can also develop lung cancer.

There are two main types of lung cancer:

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): This is the most common type, accounting for about 85% of lung cancers. It includes subtypes such as adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC): This type tends to grow and spread more quickly than NSCLC. It’s less common and often associated with heavy smokers.

Symptoms of lung cancer may not appear in the early stages. However, as the disease progresses, symptoms may include:

Persistent cough
Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Coughing up blood
Fatigue
Unexplained weight loss
Hoarseness
Recurrent respiratory infections like bronchitis or pneumonia
Factors that can increase the risk of lung cancer include smoking (including secondhand smoke), exposure to asbestos, radon gas, certain chemicals, and a family history of lung cancer.

Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests (such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs), biopsies, and sometimes molecular testing to determine the type and stage of the cancer.

Treatment options for lung cancer depend on the type, stage, and overall health of the patient. They may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these treatments.

Prevention involves avoiding tobacco smoke, both smoking and secondhand smoke, and reducing exposure to other known carcinogens.

Early detection and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes in lung cancer, as with most cancers. If there are concerns about lung cancer, it’s important to seek medical advice for proper evaluation and management.